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Overview 

The Shales with Beef (averaging 22m) formation consists of shale beds interspersed with thin beds of fibrous calcite (known as beef, it is fibrous Calcium Carbonate [Calcite] with a cone-in-cone structure). These beef beds are laterally discontinuous; they do not form continuous sheets within the shales. 

Originally known as the Lower Black Ven Beds.

The Shales with Beef  bed is mostly found at sea-level to the west of Charmouth, under Black Ven, where they overlay the Blue Lias (originally known as the Lyme Regis Beds).

This beds forms intermittent sloping shore platforms or foreshore ledges that are revealed at low tide.  The birchi Bed forms the Mouth Rocks at Charmouth.

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The entire formation can be sub-divided into two informal members: a lower marl member that measures some 12m thick, which includes beds 54 to 73u, of which the Alcinoe Bed (70c) is the best known. The blue-grey marls of this member all exhibit the conchoidal-fracturing lines when broken. The upper member is some 10m thick and comprises of beds 74a to 75b. These beds normally consist of brown bituminous paper shales with occasional beds of beef. Fossils in both of these members are poorly preserved, except for those found inside calcareous nodules or limestone beds. The normal horizontal bedding plane is contorted in places due to more recent deformation.

Towards the top of the cliff near to the seafront steps, can be seen the most noticeable horizon, the  Birchi Nodule Bed (Bed 75a), [originally these nodules were known as 'Firestone Nodules'].

Fossils 

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Lobster Hoploparia Longimana

Common ammonites including Arnioceras, Coroniceras  (Crown Ammonite) and Cymbites, teeth and bones of Ichthyosaurs and many other reptiles can be found here. Also found is this division are the fossilised remains of the lobster species Hoploparia Longimana.

At the western end of Black Ven (away from Charmouth and towards Lyme Regis), the lower levels of the Shales with Beef can be found. The lowest 12m are blue-grey conchoidal marls containing ammonites Arnioceras  and Euagassiceras . Also seen is Little Ledge (Bed 74a), a 20cm limestone with beef and marl bands. Above this bed and up to the Birchi Nodules, the ammonites Arnioceras, Caenisites turneri and Cymbites  are common. Fine specimens of Microderoceras birchi ammonite are found towards the top of the division and in the Birchi Nodule Bed, [originally known as 'White Ammonites' and 'Tortoise Ammonites'].

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Ammonite Microderoceras birchi

 Zones and sub-zones 


Zone

Subzone

Beds

Fossils found

turneri

birchi

74g-82

Cymbites
Caenisites
Microderoceras
Promicroceras

brooki

73a-74f

Cymbites
Caenisites

alcinoe

70c-72g

 

semicostatum

sauzeanum

Lower beds not covered by this website

scipionianum

gmuendense


Beds and fossils 

 

Bed

Name

Geology

Fossils

76a Birchi Tabular Bed
[see image below]
Tabular limestone  
75b - - -
75a Birchi Nodular Bed
Birchi Nodules sometimes called Cement Stones or Firestone Nodules.
[see image below]
Lenticular limestone nodules Microderoceras birchi
74w - - -
74v - - -
74u - - -
74t - - -
74s - - -
74r [see image below] Double band of beef -
74q - Light shale and clay -
74p - Tabular or lenticular limestone -
74o - - -
74n - - -
74m - - -
74l - - -
74k - - -
74j - - -
74i - - -
74h - - -
74g - - -
74f Hartmanni Bed
(Black Arnioceras Bed)
Tabular limestone Arnioceras
74e - Light shale and clay -
74d Brooki Bed Lenticules of limestone Arietites brooki
74c - Shales with beef -
74b - Shales with beef -
74a Little Ledge Brown bituminous paper shales with occasional beds of beef Forms Little Ledge [seen exposed at low tide some 100 yards west of the Charmouth seafront]
73u - Friable marl -
73t - Friable marl -
73s - Friable marl -
73r - Friable marl -
73q - Friable marl -
73p - - -
73o - - -
73n - - -
73m - - -
73l - - -
73k - - -
73j - - -
73i - - -
73h - - -
73g Reef 20 [top] Double seam of beef Forms Raffey's Ledge [seen exposed at low tide some 200 yards west of the Charmouth seafront]
73f - -
73e - -
73d - -
73c - -
73b - -
73a Reef 20 [bottom] Double seam of beef
53-72 Alcinoe Bed
Table Ledge
Reefs 1 - 20

Not covered in this website

 

Bed photographs

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Taken halfway down the beach at Black Ven, this photo shows the main beds that are exposed on the cliff face at this point. The Lower Cement Bed of the Black Ven Marl is visible at the top of the cliff.

Bed 75a

The Birchi Nodular Bed showing a partially open Birchi Nodule that is still in situ. Taken on the cliff face just to the west of the Charmouth sea-front, bed 75a is about 15 feet above beach level, as you can see from the photo below.

The close positional relationship between Birchi Nodular Bed and the Birchi Tabular bed.

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Bed 74r, a double band of 'beef', appearing some 10-12 feet below the Birchi Nodular Bed. Either side of the beef are thin paper shales.

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A 'whole cliff' view showing the relationship of Bed 75a Birchi Nodular Bed and the adjacent Bed 76a Birchi Tabular Bed, when in situ.

A low tide exposes the limestone left behind, that forms these reefs, when the softer paper shales of the Shales with Beef, are eroded away.

 Other Shales with Beef references